1 Initial Corpus generation

1.1 Corpus Creation

  1. Scopus download of documents retrieved from search string from Markard et al. (2012). Limited to LANGUAGE = ENGLISH AND TYPE = (ARTICLE).
  2. Selecting “seed” publications. 1% most cited per year. Ex-post manual exclusion. Results in 53 seed papers
  3. Retrieving for each seed 1000 publications with most shared references. Again, same limitations as in step 1.
  4. Adittional ex. post filtering. First, based on citations recieved and connectivity in bibliographic coupling network. Namely, I excluded edges in the bottom 10% quantile of the weight distribution (Jaccard weighted), also unconnected and nodes in the bottom 10% of the degree distribution. Lastly,after the community detection exercise, I excluded nodes in communities of less than 500 members.

That leads to an overall corpus size of:

## Number of unique publications in the final corpus:  9063

1.2 Seed Paper

In the following, we more in detail investigate the seed papers.

1.2.1 List of all seed papers

NOTE: NEEDS BETTER FORMAT

## 
## Converting your scopus collection into a bibliographic dataframe
## 
## Done!
## 
## 
## Generating affiliation field tag AU_UN from C1:  Done!
##  [1] "KÖHLER J, 2019, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS"             
##  [2] "KIVIMAA P, 2019, RES POLICY"                                                   
##  [3] "SCHOT J, 2018, RES POLICY"                                                     
##  [4] "CHERP A, 2018, ENERGY RES SOC SCI"                                             
##  [5] "LUEDERITZ C, 2017, J CLEAN PROD"                                               
##  [6] "PATTERSON J, 2017, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS"          
##  [7] "AVELINO F, 2016, J ENVIRON POLICY PLANN"                                       
##  [8] "ROGGE KS, 2016, RES POLICY"                                                    
##  [9] "GEELS FW, 2016, RES POLICY"                                                    
## [10] "RAVEN R, 2016, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS"              
## [11] "SOVACOOL BK, 2016, ENERGY RES SOC SCI"                                         
## [12] "KIVIMAA P, 2016, RES POLICY"                                                   
## [13] "SMITH A, 2016, ENVIRON PLANN A"                                                
## [14] "HANSEN T, 2015, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS"             
## [15] "TURNHEIM B, 2015, GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANGE"                                       
## [16] "SEYFANG G, 2014, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS"            
## [17] "STIRLING A, 2014, ENERGY RES SOC SCI"                                          
## [18] "FUENFSCHILLING L, 2014, RES POLICY"                                            
## [19] "HARGREAVES T, 2013, GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANGE"                                     
## [20] "NEVENS F, 2013, J CLEAN PROD"                                                  
## [21] "BULKELEY H, 2013, TRANS INST BR GEOGR"                                         
## [22] "GEELS FW, 2012, J TRANSP GEOGR"                                                
## [23] "SMITH A, 2012, RES POLICY"                                                     
## [24] "WEBER KM, 2012, RES POLICY"                                                    
## [25] "MARKARD J, 2012, RES POLICY"                                                   
## [26] "COENEN L, 2012, RES POLICY"                                                    
## [27] "SEYFANG G, 2012, ENVIRON PLANN C GOV POLICY"                                   
## [28] "LAWHON M, 2012, PROG HUM GEOGR"                                                
## [29] "TRUFFER B, 2012, REG STUD"                                                     
## [30] "WÜSTENHAGEN R, 2012, ENERGY POLICY"                                            
## [31] "MEADOWCROFT J, 2011, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS"        
## [32] "SHOVE E, 2010, ENVIRON PLANN A"                                                
## [33] "HODSON M, 2010, RES POLICY"                                                    
## [34] "SHOVE E, 2010, RES POLICY"                                                     
## [35] "GEELS FW, 2010, RES POLICY"                                                    
## [36] "LOORBACH D, 2010, FUTURES"                                                     
## [37] "SMITH A, 2010, ECOL SOC"                                                       
## [38] "LOORBACH D, 2010, GOVERNANCE"                                                  
## [39] "MEADOWCROFT J, 2009, POLICY SCI"                                               
## [40] "SCHOT J, 2008, TECHNOL ANAL STRATEG MANAGE"                                    
## [41] "MARKARD J, 2008, RES POLICY"                                                   
## [42] "BERGEK A, 2008, RES POLICY"                                                    
## [43] "HEKKERT MP, 2007, TECHNOL FORECAST SOC CHANGE"                                 
## [44] "GEELS FW, 2007, RES POLICY"                                                    
## [45] "VERBONG G, 2007, ENERGY POLICY"                                                
## [46] "KEMP R, 2007, INT J SUSTAINABLE DEV WORLD ECOL"                                
## [47] "JACOBSSON S, 2006, ENERGY POLICY"                                              
## [48] "GEELS FW, 2005, TECHNOL TRANS AND SYSTEM INNOVA: A CO-EVOL AND SOCIO-TECH ANAL"
## [49] "SMITH A, 2005, RES POLICY"                                                     
## [50] "GEELS FW, 2004, RES POLICY"                                                    
## [51] "GARUD R, 2003, RES POLICY"                                                     
## [52] "GEELS FW, 2002, RES POLICY"                                                    
## [53] "JACOBSSON S, 2000, ENERGY POLICY"                                              
## [54] "KEMP R, 1998, TECHNOL ANAL STRATEG MANAGE"

1.2.2 Seep papers and corpus size

Generally, 50 x 1000 = 50.000 documents downloaded. However, due to an overlap of publications with most shared references to seed papers, final corpus is smaller.

First insight: It appears the main Sustainability corpus seems saturated, expansion appears more in adjacent fields.

2 General Overview over the ST and surrounding fields

2.1 Main Indicators: Publications, Authors, Countries

To start with, a general overview over the documents in the corpus

## 
## 
## MAIN INFORMATION ABOUT DATA
## 
##  Timespan                              1998 : 2020 
##  Sources (Journals, Books, etc)        1465 
##  Documents                             9063 
##  Average years from publication        7.58 
##  Average citations per documents       46.91 
##  Average citations per year per doc    4.702 
##  References                            475918 
##  
## DOCUMENT TYPES                     
##  article      9063 
##  
## DOCUMENT CONTENTS
##  Keywords Plus (ID)                    12999 
##  Author's Keywords (DE)                15440 
##  
## AUTHORS
##  Authors                               13661 
##  Author Appearances                    22719 
##  Authors of single-authored documents  1977 
##  Authors of multi-authored documents   11684 
##  
## AUTHORS COLLABORATION
##  Single-authored documents             2623 
##  Documents per Author                  0.663 
##  Authors per Document                  1.51 
##  Co-Authors per Documents              2.51 
##  Collaboration Index                   1.81 
##  
## 
## Annual Scientific Production
## 
##  Year    Articles
##     1998      100
##     1999      100
##     2000      122
##     2001      126
##     2002      133
##     2003      171
##     2004      178
##     2005      178
##     2006      235
##     2007      284
##     2008      312
##     2009      381
##     2010      459
##     2011      536
##     2012      621
##     2013      642
##     2014      686
##     2015      712
##     2016      697
##     2017      758
##     2018      762
##     2019      656
##     2020      214
## 
## Annual Percentage Growth Rate 3.5187 
## 
## 
## Most Productive Authors
## 
##    Authors        Articles   Authors        Articles Fractionalized
## 1  GEELS FW             53 GEELS FW                            31.5
## 2  HEKKERT MP           43 WONGLIMPIYARAT J                    21.5
## 3  SOVACOOL BK          37 LEYDESDORFF L                       20.3
## 4  TRUFFER B            35 SOVACOOL BK                         18.6
## 5  LEYDESDORFF L        34 NELSON RR                           15.0
## 6  RAVEN R              34 SMITH A                             14.5
## 7  FRANTZESKAKI N       33 HEKKERT MP                          13.7
## 8  BULKELEY H           32 BULKELEY H                          13.4
## 9  COENEN L             32 TRUFFER B                           13.2
## 10 SMITH A              32 KEMP R                              12.7
## 
## 
## Top manuscripts per citations
## 
##                          Paper            TC TCperYear
## 1  SHANE S, 2000, ACAD MANAGE REV       5320       253
## 2  ETZKOWITZ H, 2000, RES POLICY        2860       136
## 3  LAURSEN K, 2006, STRATEGIC MANAGE J  2654       177
## 4  ORLIKOWSKI WJ, 2000, ORGAN SCI       2425       115
## 5  BATHELT H, 2004, PROG HUM GEOGR      2393       141
## 6  GEELS FW, 2002, RES POLICY           2345       123
## 7  SHANE S, 2000, ORGAN SCI             2116       101
## 8  SARASVATHY SD, 2001, ACAD MANAGE REV 2058       103
## 9  BENNER MJ, 2003, ACAD MANAGE REV     2054       114
## 10 GEELS FW, 2007, RES POLICY           1841       132
## 
## 
## Corresponding Author's Countries
## 
##           Country Articles   Freq SCP MCP MCP_Ratio
## 1  UNITED KINGDOM     1168 0.1870 956 212     0.182
## 2  USA                 776 0.1243 654 122     0.157
## 3  NETHERLANDS         729 0.1167 552 177     0.243
## 4  GERMANY             432 0.0692 309 123     0.285
## 5  SWEDEN              336 0.0538 247  89     0.265
## 6  ITALY               269 0.0431 202  67     0.249
## 7  AUSTRALIA           235 0.0376 177  58     0.247
## 8  CANADA              235 0.0376 174  61     0.260
## 9  NORWAY              180 0.0288 141  39     0.217
## 10 DENMARK             178 0.0285 132  46     0.258
## 
## 
## SCP: Single Country Publications
## 
## MCP: Multiple Country Publications
## 
## 
## Total Citations per Country
## 
##      Country      Total Citations Average Article Citations
## 1  USA                      80302                    103.48
## 2  UNITED KINGDOM           75876                     64.96
## 3  NETHERLANDS              42815                     58.73
## 4  SWEDEN                   20253                     60.28
## 5  GERMANY                  19681                     45.56
## 6  CANADA                   14551                     61.92
## 7  ITALY                    11123                     41.35
## 8  DENMARK                   9556                     53.69
## 9  AUSTRALIA                 9555                     40.66
## 10 SPAIN                     7965                     50.73
## 
## 
## Most Relevant Sources
## 
##                                       Sources        Articles
## 1  ENERGY POLICY                                          424
## 2  RESEARCH POLICY                                        362
## 3  TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE            316
## 4  ENERGY RESEARCH AND SOCIAL SCIENCE                     260
## 5  JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION                          228
## 6  SUSTAINABILITY (SWITZERLAND)                           214
## 7  ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS      199
## 8  ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY                                    171
## 9  EUROPEAN PLANNING STUDIES                              164
## 10 TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT           150
## 
## 
## Most Relevant Keywords
## 
##     Author Keywords (DE)      Articles    Keywords-Plus (ID)     Articles
## 1  INNOVATION                      651 INNOVATION                    1688
## 2  SUSTAINABILITY                  375 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT        890
## 3  CLIMATE CHANGE                  348 SUSTAINABILITY                 867
## 4  GOVERNANCE                      309 CLIMATE CHANGE                 836
## 5  RENEWABLE ENERGY                270 ENERGY POLICY                  706
## 6  SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS      220 GOVERNANCE APPROACH            649
## 7  RESILIENCE                      194 UNITED KINGDOM                 490
## 8  SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT         163 TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT      485
## 9  TRANSITION                      161 EUROPE                         452
## 10 ENERGY TRANSITION               158 DECISION MAKING                389

2.2 Cited references

Top 20 cited references:

CR n
GEELS, F.W., TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS AS EVOLUTIONARY RECONFIGURATION PROCESSES: A MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE AND A CASE-STUDY (2002) RES. POLICY, 31, PP. 1257-1274 211
GEELS, F.W., SCHOT, J., TYPOLOGY OF SOCIOTECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS (2007) RES. POLICY, 36, PP. 399-417 206
UNRUH, G.C., UNDERSTANDING CARBON LOCK-IN (2000) ENERGY POLICY, 28, PP. 817-830 171
ROTMANS, J., KEMP, R., VAN ASSELT, M., MORE EVOLUTION THAN REVOLUTION: TRANSITION MANAGEMENT IN PUBLIC POLICY (2001) FORESIGHT, 3 (1), PP. 15-31 169
MARKARD, J., RAVEN, R., TRUFFER, B., SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: AN EMERGING FIELD OF RESEARCH AND ITS PROSPECTS (2012) RES. POLICY, 41, PP. 955-967 164
COHEN, W.M., LEVINTHAL, D.A., ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY: A NEW PERSPECTIVE ON LEARNING AND INNOVATION (1990) ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCE QUARTERLY, 35, PP. 128-152 151
DOSI, G., TECHNOLOGICAL PARADIGMS AND TECHNOLOGICAL TRAJECTORIES (1982) RESEARCH POLICY, 11, PP. 147-162 147
GEELS, F.W., TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS AS EVOLUTIONARY RECONFIGURATION PROCESSES: A MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE AND A CASE-STUDY (2002) RESEARCH POLICY, 31, PP. 1257-1274 138
GEELS, F.W., TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS AS EVOLUTIONARY RECONFIGURATION PROCESSES: A MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE AND A CASE-STUDY (2002) RESEARCH POLICY, 31 (8-9), PP. 1257-1274 118
WARDE, A., CONSUMPTION AND THEORIES OF PRACTICE (2005) JOURNAL OF CONSUMER CULTURE, 5 (2), PP. 131-153 114
ROTMANS, J., KEMP, R., VAN ASSELT, M., MORE EVOLUTION THAN REVOLUTION: TRANSITION MANAGEMENT IN PUBLIC POLICY (2001) FORESIGHT, 3, PP. 15-31 112
SMITH, A., RAVEN, R., WHAT IS PROTECTIVE SPACE? RECONSIDERING NICHES IN TRANSITIONS TO SUSTAINABILITY (2012) RES. POLICY, 41, PP. 1025-1036 111
UNRUH, G.C., UNDERSTANDING CARBON LOCK-IN (2000) ENERGY POLICY, 28 (12), PP. 817-830 111
DOSI, G., TECHNOLOGICAL PARADIGMS AND TECHNOLOGICAL TRAJECTORIES: A SUGGESTED INTERPRETATION OF THE DETERMINANTS AND DIRECTIONS OF TECHNICAL CHANGE (1982) RESEARCH POLICY, 11, PP. 147-162 109
GEELS, F.W., SCHOT, J., TYPOLOGY OF SOCIOTECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS (2007) RESEARCH POLICY, 36, PP. 399-417 108
BATHELT, H., MALMBERG, A., MASKELL, P., CLUSTERS AND KNOWLEDGE: LOCAL BUZZ, GLOBAL PIPELINES AND THE PROCESS OF KNOWLEDGE CREATION (2004) PROGRESS IN HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, 28, PP. 31-56 107
GEELS, F.W., SCHOT, J., TYPOLOGY OF SOCIOTECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS (2007) RESEARCH POLICY, 36 (3), PP. 399-417 107
TUSHMAN, M.L., ANDERSON, P., TECHNOLOGICAL DISCONTINUITIES AND ORGANIZATIONAL ENVIRONMENTS (1986) ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCE QUARTERLY, 31, PP. 439-465 106
GEELS, F.W., SCHOT, J., TYPOLOGY OF SOCIOTECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS (2007) RES. POLICY, 36 (3), PP. 399-417 105
BATHELT, H., MALMBERG, A., MASKELL, P., CLUSTERS AND KNOWLEDGE: LOCAL BUZZ, GLOBAL PIPELINES AND THE PROCESS OF KNOWLEDGE CREATION (2004) PROGRESS IN HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, 28 (1), PP. 31-56 102

2.3 Conceptual trajectories: Historical citation path analysis

## 
##  Legend
## 
##                                                                 Label Year LCS  GCS
## 1   KÖHLER J, 2019, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 2019  33  122
## 2                                           SCHOT J, 2018, RES POLICY 2018  25  124
## 3                                           SCHOT J, 2018, RES POLICY 2018  23   46
## 4                                     LUEDERITZ C, 2017, J CLEAN PROD 2017  10  100
## 5                             AVELINO F, 2016, J ENVIRON POLICY PLANN 2016  43  122
## 6                             AVELINO F, 2016, J ENVIRON POLICY PLANN 2016  37   84
## 7                               SOVACOOL BK, 2016, ENERGY RES SOC SCI 2016  72  235
## 8                               SOVACOOL BK, 2016, ENERGY RES SOC SCI 2016  25   61
## 9   HANSEN T, 2015, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 2015 110  219
## 10                                        MARKARD J, 2012, RES POLICY 2012 501 1029
## 11                                         COENEN L, 2012, RES POLICY 2012 227  469
## 12                                          TRUFFER B, 2012, REG STUD 2012 129  258
## 13                                 FASTENRATH S, 2018, SUSTAINABILITY 2018   2    5
## 14                                     EDMONDSON DL, 2019, RES POLICY 2019   3   26
## 15                             WIECZOREK AJ, 2018, ENVIRON SCI POLICY 2018  11   30
## 16                                  SCHLAILE MP, 2017, SUSTAINABILITY 2017   7   32
## 17 TORRENS J, 2019, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 2019   2    4
## 18                                          RAKAS M, 2019, RES POLICY 2019   2    3
## 19                                 ROGGE KS, 2017, ENERGY RES SOC SCI 2017  21   68
## 20                                 ROGGE KS, 2017, ENERGY RES SOC SCI 2017  13   27
## 21                                           BINZ C, 2017, RES POLICY 2017  29   81
## 22                                   ZOLFAGHARIAN M, 2019, RES POLICY 2019   0    2
## 23 GRANDIN J, 2020, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 2020   0    1
## 24                                      STRAMBACH S, 2020, RES POLICY 2020   0    1
## 25                                     TURNHEIM B, 2019, RES POLICY-a   NA  NA   NA
## 26                                PILLONI M, 2020, ENERGY RES SOC SCI 2020   0    2
## 27   GOYAL N, 2020, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 2020   0    1
## IGRAPH 2ea73d5 DN-- 23 56 -- 
## + attr: name (v/c), id (v/c), size (v/n), years (v/n), color (e/c)
## + edges from 2ea73d5 (vertex names):
## [1] KÖHLER J, 2019, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS->ZOLFAGHARIAN M, 2019, RES POLICY                                  
## [2] KÖHLER J, 2019, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS->GRANDIN J, 2020, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS
## [3] KÖHLER J, 2019, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS->STRAMBACH S, 2020, RES POLICY                                     
## [4] SCHOT J, 2018, RES POLICY                                        ->GRANDIN J, 2020, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS
## [5] SCHOT J, 2018, RES POLICY                                        ->TURNHEIM B, 2019, RES POLICY-a                                    
## [6] LUEDERITZ C, 2017, J CLEAN PROD                                  ->KÖHLER J, 2019, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 
## + ... omitted several edges

2.3.1 Authors, Themes & Journals

3 Topic modelling

I by now created some topic modelling. The results are now more fine-tuned, but there is still room for some improvement. We ran a LDA on the titles + abstracts of our corpus, aiming at identifying 10 topics (some different numbers of topics to generate shows that 10 result in good results, more topics lead to too much overlap between them)

3.1 Topics by topwords

This might still be finetuned, but initially doesnt look that bad I think. All the topics for me seem to be somewhat identifiable. We should maybe start naming them to make their interpretation later easier.

3.2 Topics over time

3.3 LDAViz

Here you find a nice way of exploring topics via the LDAVIz methodology of visulizing the result of an LDA. It dispolays all topics in a 2 dimensional TSNE (similar to PCA, but optimized for graphical illustration in 2d), and also gives a nice visual representation over the topics top-word distribution and overall frequencies of this words in the corpus. The \(\lambda\) parameter regulates the importance-ordering of the topwords. High \(\lambda\) order words by the highest propability to appear in the topic to the lowest (independent of the overall word popularity in the corpus), whle low \(\lambda\) emphasize words which are very specific to the topic, and rarely appear in others.

Play a bit around. Since it would be here a bit condensed, better check it out HERE in fullscreen for a better overview.

4 Knowledge Bases: Co-Citation network analysis

Note: This analysis refers the co-citation analysis, where the cited references and not the original publications are the unit of analysis. See tab Technical descriptionfor additional explanations

4.1 Knowledge Bases summary

4.1.1 Main Indicators

In order to partition networks into components or clusters, we deploy a community detection technique based on the Lovain Algorithm (Blondel et al., 2008). The Lovain Algorithm is a heuristic method that attempts to optimize the modularity of communities within a network by maximizing within- and minimizing between-community connectivity. We identify the following communities = knowledge bases

It is not the main focus of this exercise, but still informative to see which historical knowledge the fields draws from.

NOTE: Up to now I only report the most central emmbers per community

name dgr dgr_jac com dgr_int
GEELS F.W. TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS AS EVOLUTIONARY RECONFIGURATION PROCESSES: A MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE AND A CASE-STUDY (2002) 13702 0.7479558 1 10736
GEELS F.W. SCHOT J. TYPOLOGY OF SOCIOTECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS (2007) 11102 0.7291446 1 9064
KEMP R. SCHOT J. HOOGMA R. REGIME SHIFTS TO SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH PROCESSES OF NICHE FORMATION: THE APPROACH OF STRATEGIC NICHE MANAGEMENT (1998) 10546 0.7424540 1 8431
MARKARD J. RAVEN R. TRUFFER B. SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: AN EMERGING FIELD OF RESEARCH AND ITS PROSPECTS (2012) 9636 0.7410249 1 8138
RIP A. KEMP R. TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE (1998) 9447 0.7402042 1 7234
SMITH A. STIRLING A. BERKHOUT F. THE GOVERNANCE OF SUSTAINABLE SOCIO-TECHNICAL TRANSITIONS (2005) 7717 0.7352747 1 6386
SMITH A. RAVEN R. WHAT IS PROTECTIVE SPACE? RECONSIDERING NICHES IN TRANSITIONS TO SUSTAINABILITY (2012) 6558 0.7183940 1 5846
GEELS F.W. THE MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE ON SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: RESPONSES TO SEVEN CRITICISMS (2011) 5736 0.7003247 1 5178
BERGEK A. JACOBSSON S. CARLSSON B. LINDMARK S. RICKNE A. ANALYZING THE FUNCTIONAL DYNAMICS OF TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION SYSTEMS: A SCHEME OF ANALYSIS (2008) 6550 0.7182067 1 4745
GEELS F.W. FROM SECTORAL SYSTEMS OF INNOVATION TO SOCIO-TECHNICAL SYSTEMS: INSIGHTS ABOUT DYNAMICS AND CHANGE FROM SOCIOLOGY AND INSTITUTIONAL THEORY (2004) 5466 0.7043057 1 4539
NELSON R.R. WINTER S.G. (1982) 13836 0.7437434 2 8266
TUSHMAN M.L. ANDERSON P. TECHNOLOGICAL DISCONTINUITIES AND ORGANIZATIONAL ENVIRONMENTS (1986) 4645 0.7050746 2 4125
SCHUMPETER J.A. (1934) 4817 0.7068368 2 3691
HENDERSON R.M. CLARK K.B. ARCHITECTURAL INNOVATION: THE RECONFIGURATION OF EXISTING PRODUCT TECHNOLOGIES AND THE FAILURE OF ESTABLISHED FIRMS (1990) 4135 0.6770825 2 3673
COHEN W.M. LEVINTHAL D.A. ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY: A NEW PERSPECTIVE ON LEARNING AND INNOVATION (1990) 6536 0.7347117 2 3600
TEECE D.J. PISANO G. SHUEN A. DYNAMIC CAPABILITIES AND STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT (1997) 3897 0.6903544 2 3194
CHRISTENSEN C.M. (1997) 3544 0.6632719 2 3121
NELSON R. WINTER S. (1982) 5515 0.7220717 2 2997
DOSI G. TECHNOLOGICAL PARADIGMS AND TECHNOLOGICAL TRAJECTORIES: A SUGGESTED INTERPRETATION OF THE DETERMINANTS AND DIRECTIONS OF TECHNICAL CHANGE (1982) 5095 0.7257594 2 2850
DOSI G. TECHNOLOGICAL PARADIGMS AND TECHNOLOGICAL TRAJECTORIES (1982) 4901 0.7174297 2 2826
BATHELT H. MALMBERG A. MASKELL P. CLUSTERS AND KNOWLEDGE: LOCAL BUZZ GLOBAL PIPELINES AND THE PROCESS OF KNOWLEDGE CREATION (2004) 5417 0.7005606 3 4290
STORPER M. (1997) 4070 0.7020811 3 2955
MARTIN R. SUNLEY P. PATH DEPENDENCE AND REGIONAL ECONOMIC EVOLUTION (2006) 3226 0.6845916 3 2521
BOSCHMA R. PROXIMITY AND INNOVATION: A CRITICAL ASSESSMENT (2005) 2825 0.6835670 3 2128
MORGAN K. THE LEARNING REGION: INSTITUTIONS INNOVATION AND REGIONAL RENEWAL (1997) 2565 0.6576494 3 1959
SAXENIAN A. (1994) 3502 0.6871998 3 1959
FRENKEN K. VAN OORT F. VERBURG T. RELATED VARIETY UNRELATED VARIETY AND REGIONAL ECONOMIC GROWTH (2007) 2298 0.6664432 3 1944
MASKELL P. MALMBERG A. LOCALISED LEARNING AND INDUSTRIAL COMPETITIVENESS (1999) 2418 0.6563226 3 1801
COOKE P. MORGAN K. (1998) 2373 0.6356867 3 1752
NEFFKE F. HENNING M. BOSCHMA R. HOW DO REGIONS DIVERSIFY OVER TIME? INDUSTRY RELATEDNESS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW GROWTH PATHS IN REGIONS (2011) 1806 0.6386983 3 1462
FREEMAN C. (1987) 6946 0.7029198 4 3213
NELSON R.R. (1993) 5579 0.6994456 4 2385
EDQUIST C. (1997) 4857 0.6782481 4 2282
NELSON R. (1993) 3201 0.6513085 4 1674
LUNDVALL B.A. (1992) 2899 0.6333805 4 1327
MALERBA F. SECTORAL SYSTEMS OF INNOVATION AND PRODUCTION (2002) 4407 0.6928249 4 1220
PAVITT K. SECTORAL PATTERNS OF TECHNICAL CHANGE: TOWARDS A TAXONOMY AND A THEORY (1984) 3300 0.6662200 4 1171
LUNDVALL B.-A. (1992) 2783 0.6353054 4 1027
PORTER M. (1990) 2562 0.6412189 4 919
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4.1.2 Development of Knowledge Bases

TO BE DONE AGAIN

4.2 Technical description

In a co-cittion network, the strength of the relationship between a reference pair \(m\) and \(n\) (\(s_{m,n}^{coc}\)) is expressed by the number of publications \(C\) which are jointly citing reference \(m\) and \(n\).

\[s_{m,n}^{coc} = \sum_i c_{i,m} c_{i,n}\]

The intuition here is that references which are frequently cited together are likely to share commonalities in theory, topic, methodology, or context. It can be interpreted as a measure of similarity as evaluated by other researchers that decide to jointly cite both references. Because the publication process is time-consuming, co-citation is a backward-looking measure, which is appropriate to map the relationship between core literature of a field.

5 Research Areas: Bibliographic coupling analysis

This is arguably the more interesting part. Here, we identify the literature’s current knowledge frontier by carrying out a bibliographic coupling analysis of the publications in our corpus. This measure uses bibliographical information of publications to establish a similarity relationship between them. Again, method details to be found in the tab Technical description. As you will see, we identify the more narrow research community of Sustainability Transitions (in which we will zoom in later), but also a set of adjacent research areas with some theoretical/methodological/application overlap.

5.1 Research Areas main summary

5.1.1 Main Characteristics

To identify communities in the field’s knowledge frontier (labeled research areas) we again use the Lovain Algorithm (Blondel et al., 2008). We identify the following communities = research areas.

com n density_int
1 3129 7.388
2 1940 33.948
3 1862 24.839
4 1439 61.095
5 693 21.157

5.1.2 Categorization

I up to now gain only provide the 10 most central articles, which can be used to classify them

XX dgr com dgr_int com2 dgr_int2
GARUD R, 2013, ACAD MANAGE ANNALS 4163 1 3720 1 2678
LEYDESDORFF L, 2010, ANNU REV INF SCI TECHNOL 3727 1 2634 1 1174
DOSI G, 2013, EURASIAN BUS REVIEW 2739 1 2417 1 1278
HUGGINS R, 2013, J ECON GEOGR 2584 1 2412 1 1716
NIETO M, 2003, TECHNOL FORECAST SOC CHANGE 2339 1 2234 1 1690
COMPANYS YE, 2007, SMALL BUS ECON 2291 1 2183 1 1326
GARUD R, 2012, RES POLICY 4761 1 2145 1 1744
AGGARWAL VA, 2017, STRATEGIC MANAGE J 2033 1 1972 1 1832
LAZZERETTI L, 2014, J ECON GEOGR 1933 1 1843 1 1241
ZHU S, 2019, EUR PLANN STUD 2054 1 1843 1 1612
GOSENS J, 2013, ENERGY POLICY 13683 2 6195 2 2520
STERN DI, 2017, CLIM CHANGE 13064 2 6064 2 2544
GUNN S, 2012, PLANN THEORY PRAC 8275 2 5610 2 2253
BRYANT RL, 2013, TRANS INST BR GEOGR 8359 2 5026 2 2124
WIESENTHAL T, 2012, RES POLICY 6396 2 4835 2 1900
MAGNUSSON D, 2012, ENERGY POLICY 7202 2 4730 2 2209
LIN B, 2011, ENERGY ECON 5824 2 4556 2 2278
ELY A, 2014, RES POLICY 7795 2 4536 2 2023
KIMURA O, 2010, ENERGY POLICY 5923 2 4341 2 891
WANG J, 2013, ENERGY 8202 2 4319 2 2019
MARKARD J, 2012, RES POLICY 11073 3 7456 3 1944
KIVIMAA P, 2016, RES POLICY 5290 3 4233 3 917
PESCH U, 2015, TECHNOL FORECAST SOC CHANGE 4698 3 4143 3 996
SORRELL S, 2018, RES POLICY 4469 3 4030 3 1476
BORGHEI B, 2016, INT J AUTOMOT TECHNOL MANAGE 6523 3 3969 3 657
FUENFSCHILLING L, 2014, RES POLICY 4440 3 3917 3 1042
MOORE AW, 2018, ECOL SOC 7111 3 3888 3 824
GOYAL N, 2018, ENERGIES 4476 3 3827 3 1269
FASTENRATH S, 2018, SUSTAINABILITY 5445 3 3696 3 706
EHNERT F, 2018, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 4112 3 3643 3 753
KULOZU UZUNBOY N, 2020, ENVIRON DEV SUSTAINABILITY 7429 4 5047 4 1794
SCHMITT TM, 2018, LOCAL ENVIRON 9410 4 4941 4 1333
WANG J, 2018, NAT RESOURC RES 8628 4 4932 NA 48
UPHAM P, 2016, INT J FORESIGHT INNOV POLICY 8792 4 4791 4 1450
DONATIELLO D, 2017, SOUTH EUR SOC POLIT 8860 4 4751 4 1384
GILLARD R, 2017, J ENVIRON POLICY PLANN 7180 4 4633 4 1333
EL BILALI H, 2018, ITAL J FOOD SCI 8358 4 4344 4 1622
OKKONEN L, 2016, RENEW ENERGY 7864 4 4306 4 1977
HILDINGSSON R, 2016, ENERGY POLICY 7164 4 4240 4 1966
TENGGREN S, 2016, ENERGY RES SOC SCI 7090 4 4228 4 1287
FOLKE C, 2016, ECOL SOC 3715 5 2927 NA 470
OLLIVIER G, 2018, ECOL SOC 2508 5 1090 5 484
STONE-JOVICICH S, 2015, ECOL SOC 1450 5 1072 5 520
CHAFFIN BC, 2014, ECOL SOC 1326 5 1061 5 583
BERKES F, 2017, SUSTAINABILITY 1247 5 1034 5 349
DECARO DA, 2017, ECOL SOC 1719 5 993 5 396
FABINYI M, 2014, ECOL SOC 1300 5 989 5 390
BARRETEAU O, 2016, ECOL SOC 1010 5 881 5 406
ENGLE NL, 2011, GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANGE 1285 5 869 5 417
BAEHLER KJ, 2018, ECOL SOC 1009 5 783 5 356

5.1.3 Development

We again see quite some dynamics….

5.1.4 Connectivity between the research areas